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Viernes, 03 de Julio de 2015 09:15 | 
Author: Carlos Villa Roiz | 
| Edición 334 |
El genocidio de cristianos en Siria e Irak son noticia cotidiana, pero en África las violaciones a la libertad religiosa se acompañan de crímenes que no siempre son difundidos por la prensa internacional. La violencia ronda en Nigeria, Kenia, Rwanda, Libia y otros países.
La historia de África está ligada al cristianismo. Allí predicó San Marcos y vivieron San Agustín y Santa Mónica; hubo Papas africanos como Gelasio, Melquiades y Víctor I, y una larga cadena de mártires que se prolonga hasta nuestros días.
África no es homogénea. El norte, que estuvo bajo la influencia del Imperio Romano hasta el siglo IV, fue cristianizado en Egipto, Túnez, Libia y Marruecos. Después de la muerte de Mahoma se islamizó a través del comercio y de guerras de expansión árabe.
El sur es distinto. El África subsahariana o negra fue cuna de misiones en el siglo XV y a mediados del siglo XVII, cuando los portugueses deseaban contener la expansión del islam. La geografía política de África ha cambiado a causa de las colonizaciones, independencias, movimientos nacionalistas, y guerras entre tribus. Después de la II Guerra Mundial, enfrentó un capitalismo que demanda oro, diamantes y otros recursos, y también padeció la expansión del comunismo y del islam.
El padre Werenfried Van Straaten, fundador de la fundación de la Santa Sede Ayuda a la Iglesia que Sufre, se refirió a África como “un pueblo inocente que ha sido vendido, traicionado, explotado, pisoteado y aniquilado”. A esto se suma la crueldad de los hechos, como lo ocurrido en Congo el 24 de noviembre de 1964: “…el puente Tshopo, desde donde los simbas arrojaron a miles de congoleños, cosidos dentro de sacos o atados espalda con espalda, a las atronadoras cataratas de la presa”, entre los que había, “monjas y sacerdotes belgas y holandeses, españoles y luxemburgueses, un pastor y cuatro misioneros protestantes y un párroco negro, en total, 33 mártires.
Nigeria
En Nigeria, el 49.3 % de la población es cristiana, y el 48.8 % es musulmana. Desde 2011, el presidente es Goodluck Ebele Jonathan, cristiano y el vicepresidente, musulmán.
Las causas de estos conflictos son: a) el poder en manos de pequeños reyes, que tienen la última palabra sobre sus tierras; b) los principados tribales, consolidados bajo el gobierno colonial (1860-1960); c) las rivalidades religiosas y de partidos políticos y d) la corrupción.
Nigeria tiene tantos Gobiernos como tribus, dialectos y religiones: 3000 en total. La policía y el ejército están corrompidos y el terrorismo se ha infiltrado. En consecuencia, los atentados islamistas contra los cristianos rara vez se persiguen.
Entre 2012 y 2013, terroristas islamistas perpetraron 44 ataques contra restaurantes o bares en los que se sirve cerveza y 104 personas fueron asesinadas; hubo un atentado suicida en la iglesia de Santa Rita, en Kaduna, dejó cuatro muertos y 160 heridos. En junio, cuatro iglesias fueron incendiadas por Boko Haram, en Borno, y seis semanas después, degollaron a 44 habitantes de Dumba. En marzo de 2014, cien cristianos fueron asesinados en Kaduna. En abril, guerrilleros de Boko Haram atacaron el colegio femenino en Borno, y secuestraron a más de 300 niñas cristianas.
Imponer un islam riguroso en África
Algunas de las causas del conflicto religioso se debe a la difusión de informaciones falsas, las continuas ofensas de los movimientos pentecostales hacia los musulmanes; Irán, Arabia Saudí y Sudán envían predicadores para difundir falsedades contra los cristianos; la propiedad de la tierra, y el plan ideológico para imponer un islam riguroso en África subsahariana, propiciado con dinero del petróleo saudí, la pretensión de expulsar a los cristianos y establecer un estado islámico, objetivo declarado del grupo terrorista Boko Haram, cuya traducción podría ser: “la educación occidental es pecado”. Los conflictos han dejado 32 000 asesinatos y agresiones e incendios a 120 iglesias.
La fundación Ayuda a la Iglesia que Sufre, AIS, viene apoyando a distintas iglesias cristianas que son perseguidas y enfrentan carencias en África, mediante la formación de seminaristas, transporte y la atención de emergencias en las comunidades.
En Etiopía, por ejemplo, un obispo refería que en su diócesis, de 200 km cuadrados, solo hay tres sacerdotes para más de 60 comunidades. Estos grupos religiosos subsisten a pesar de los agraviantes, y tienen derecho a conservar su religión.
En el mundo hay 200 millones de personas que son perseguidas a causa de su fe, según el informe sobre libertad religiosa de AIS-2014, y que puede ser consultado en www.ayudaalaiglesiaquesufre.com
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La persecución de cristianos en el mundo
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