Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 29

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 32

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::clean() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 33

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanArray() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 463

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanArray() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 464

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanArray() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 465

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanArray() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 466

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanArray() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 467

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanArray() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 468

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 35

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 38

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 39

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 46

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 47

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 50

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 53

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 54

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 57

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php on line 58

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/index.php on line 34

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Redefining already defined constructor for class JObject in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/base/object.php on line 57

Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/factory.php on line 46

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplicationHelper::getClientInfo() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 132

Strict Standards: Declaration of JSite::getRouter() should be compatible with & JApplication::getRouter($name = NULL, $options = Array) in /home/www2voce/public_html/includes/application.php on line 377

Strict Standards: Declaration of JSite::getPathWay() should be compatible with & JApplication::getPathway($name = NULL, $options = Array) in /home/www2voce/public_html/includes/application.php on line 377

Strict Standards: Declaration of JSite::getMenu() should be compatible with & JApplication::getMenu($name = NULL, $options = Array) in /home/www2voce/public_html/includes/application.php on line 377

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/registry.php on line 19

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Declaration of JSession::set() should be compatible with JObject::set($property, $value = NULL) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/session/session.php on line 737

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/session/session.php on line 19

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Declaration of JSessionStorageNone::register() should be compatible with JSessionStorage::register($options = Array) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/session/storage/none.php on line 38

Warning: session_start(): Cannot send session cookie - headers already sent by (output started at /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php:29) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/session/session.php on line 423

Warning: session_start(): Cannot send session cache limiter - headers already sent (output started at /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php:29) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/session/session.php on line 423

Warning: Cannot modify header information - headers already sent by (output started at /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/import.php:29) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/session/session.php on line 426

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/parameter.php on line 21

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Declaration of JRegistryFormatINI::objectToString() should be compatible with JRegistryFormat::objectToString(&$object) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/registry/format/ini.php on line 281

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::importPlugin() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/index.php on line 44

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 92

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 97

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/plugins/system/jxtended.php on line 51

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 97

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Redefining already defined constructor for class JPlugin in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/plugin.php on line 75

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Declaration of JEvent::update() should be compatible with JObserver::update() in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/event/event.php on line 29

Strict Standards: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 140

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 97

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getApplication() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/plugins/system/nonumberelements.php on line 18

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getCmd() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/plugins/system/nonumberelements.php on line 27

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 255

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 151

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 577

Strict Standards: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 140

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 147

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 41

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 97

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 140

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 147

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 41

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 97

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Redefining already defined constructor for class CMSDb in /home/www2voce/public_html/components/libraries/cmslib/spframework.php on line 240

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 140

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 97

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JDispatcher::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 140

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::getPlugin() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 147

Strict Standards: Non-static method JPluginHelper::_load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/plugin/helper.php on line 41

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/cache/cache.php on line 19

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Declaration of JCacheStorage::get() should be compatible with JObject::get($property, $default = NULL) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/cache/storage.php on line 173

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 120

Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720

Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getInt() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/index.php on line 58

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 179

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 134

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 577

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/components/libraries/cmslib/helper/url.php on line 74

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 134

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 577

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getWord() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/components/com_jomcomment/plugins/system.php on line 60

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 236

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 134

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 577

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/document/document.php on line 19

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Declaration of JDocumentHTML::setBuffer() should be compatible with JDocument::setBuffer($content) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/document/html/html.php on line 394

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getCmd() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/index.php on line 70

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::getVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 255

Strict Standards: Non-static method JRequest::_cleanVar() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 134

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFilterInput::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/request.php on line 577

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186
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Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Declaration of ContentController::display() should be compatible with JController::display($cachable = false) in /home/www2voce/public_html/components/com_content/controller.php on line 28

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: call_user_func_array() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback, non-static method JHTMLBehavior::caption() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line 91

Strict Standards: Non-static method JHTML::script() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html/behavior.php on line 63

Strict Standards: Non-static method JHTML::_() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line 172

Strict Standards: call_user_func_array() expects parameter 1 to be a valid callback, non-static method JHTMLBehavior::mootools() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line 91

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getConfig() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html/behavior.php on line 46

Strict Standards: Non-static method JHTML::script() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html/behavior.php on line 56

Strict Standards: Non-static method JURI::root() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line 176

Strict Standards: Non-static method JURI::base() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/uri.php on line 276

Strict Standards: Non-static method JURI::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/environment/uri.php on line 276

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getDocument() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line 179

Strict Standards: Non-static method JURI::root() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line 176

Strict Standards: Non-static method JFactory::getDocument() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/html/html.php on line 179

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Declaration of JCacheView::get() should be compatible with JCache::get($id, $group = NULL) in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/cache/handler/view.php on line 150

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::load() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 161

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 138

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JSite::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/components/com_content/router.php on line 19

Strict Standards: Non-static method JApplication::getMenu() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/includes/application.php on line 345

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JMenu::getInstance() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 720

Strict Standards: Non-static method JError::isError() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/joomla/application/application.php on line 721

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::import() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 186

Strict Standards: Non-static method JLoader::register() should not be called statically in /home/www2voce/public_html/libraries/loader.php on line 71


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Edición 347

NAVA 1

 

NO HAY RECONOCIMIENTO y conciencia en las estructuras de poder político y mediático (que en terminología anglosajona se llama el establishment político-mediático) que gobiernan las instituciones de la Unión Europea, así como las que gobiernan en la mayoría de países que constituyen tal Unión, de lo que ha estado ocurriendo en la UE y las consecuencias que las políticas propuestas e impuestas por tales establishments han estado teniendo en las clases populares de los países miembros.


DURANTE estos años, después del establecimiento de la Unión, se ha ido germinando un descontento entre estas clases populares (es decir, entre las clases trabajadoras y las clases medias de renta media y baja) que aparece constantemente y que amenaza la viabilidad de la UE.


El rechazo de las clases populares a la UE


Indicadores de tal descontento han aparecido ya en muchas ocasiones. Una de las primeras fue el resultado del referéndum que se realizó en varios países de la UE que, por mandato constitucional, tenían que hacer para poder aprobar la Constitución europea. En todos los países donde se realizó el referéndum, la clase trabajadora votó en contra.

Los datos son claros y contundentes. En Francia, votaron en contra el 79% de trabajadores manuales, el 67% de los trabajadores en servicios y el 98% de los trabajadores sindicalizados; en Holanda, el 68% de los trabajadores; y en Luxemburgo, el 69%. Incluso en los países en los que no hubo referéndum, las encuestas señalaban que, por ejemplo en Alemania, el 68% de los trabajadores manuales y el 57% de los trabajadores en servicios hubieran votado en contra. Unos porcentajes parecidos se dieron también en Suecia, donde el 74% de los trabajadores manuales y el 54% de los trabajadores en servicios también hubieran votado en contra. Y lo mismo ocurrió en Dinamarca, donde el 72% de los trabajadores manuales hubieran también votado en contra.

 

El rechazo a la UE por parte de la clase trabajadora ha ido aumentando


Otro dato que muestra tal rechazo fue el surgimiento de partidos que explícitamente rechazaron la Unión Europea, partidos cuya base electoral fue precisamente la clase obrera y otros segmentos de las clases populares que antes, históricamente, habían votado a partidos de izquierdas, siendo el caso más conocido (pero no el único) el del partido liderado por Le Pen y que, según las encuestas, podría ganar las próximas elecciones en Francia.

NAVA 2En realidad, la identificación de los partidos de izquierda tradicionales con la Unión Europea (y con las políticas neoliberales promovidas por el establishment de tal Unión) ha sido una de las mayores causas del enorme bajón electoral de estos partidos en la UE (y, muy en particular, entre las bases electorales que les habían sido más fieles, es decir, entre las clases trabajadoras). Para que baste un ejemplo, en Francia, si la mitad de los votos (predominantemente de la clase trabajadora) que habían apoyado al partido de Le Pen hubieran sido para la candidata socialista Ségolène Royal, ésta hubiera sido elegida Presidenta de Francia.

En paralelo con la pérdida de apoyo electoral, los partidos socialdemócratas en la UE perdieron también gran número de sus militantes. El caso más dramático fue el del Partido socialdemócrata alemán que, junto con la pérdida de apoyo electoral, perdió casi la mitad de sus militantes, de 400.000 en 1997 a 280.000 miembros en 2008.

La evidencia es pues abrumadora que la identificación de tales partidos de izquierda (la mayoría de los cuales han sido partidos gobernantes socialdemócratas que han jugado un papel clave en el desarrollo de las políticas públicas promovidas por la UE) con la Unión ha sido una de las principales causas de su enorme deterioro electoral y de la pérdida de su militancia.

El rechazo a la UE ha ido aumentando más y más entre las clases populares, a la vez que ha ido aumentado el apoyo entre las clases más pudientes

Por desgracia, las encuestas creíbles y fiables sobre la UE (que son la minoría, pues la gran mayoría están realizadas o financiadas por organismos de la UE o financiadas por instituciones próximas) no recogen los datos de la opinión popular sobre la UE según la clase social. Sí que los recogen por país, y lo que aparece claramente en estas encuestas es que la popularidad de la UE está bajando en picado.

NAVA 3Según la encuesta de la Pew Research Center, las personas que tienen una visión favorable de la UE ha bajado en la gran mayoría de los 10 mayores países de la UE (excepto en Polonia). Este descenso, desde 2004 a 2016, ha sido menor en Alemania (de un 58% a un 50%) pero mayor en Francia (de un 78% a un 38%), en España (de un 80% a un 47%). Grecia es el país que tiene un porcentaje menor de opiniones favorables a la UE (un 27%).

Ahora bien, aunque raramente se recoge información por clase social, sí que se ha recogido el distinto grado de popularidad que la UE tiene según el nivel de renta familiar. Y, allí, los datos muestran que hay un gradiente, de manera que a mayor renda familiar, mayor es el apoyo a la UE. Es razonable, pues, suponer que la parte de la población que tiene una visión más desfavorable de la UE es la clase trabajadora y otros componentes de las clases populares.

Y lo que también aparece claro en varias encuestas es que una de las mayores causas de tal rechazo es la percepción que las clases populares tienen del impacto negativo que tiene, sobre su bienestar, la aplicación de las políticas propuestas por el establishment político-mediático de la UE.

Esta percepción es mucho más negativa entre las clases populares (clase trabajadora y clases medias, de renta media y baja) que no entre las clases más pudientes.

En realidad, el rechazo, siempre especialmente agudo entre las clases populares, es claramente mayoritario entre la gran mayoría de la población. Ahí vemos que, según la encuesta Pew, el 92% de la población en Grecia desaprueba la manera como la UE ha gestionado la crisis existente en Europa; tal porcentaje es de 68% en Italia, el 66% en Francia y el 65% en España, países donde precisamente el descenso del porcentaje de población con la opinión favorable de la UE ha sido mayor.


Este rechazo a la UE existe también entre la clase trabajadora del Reino Unido


Es en este contexto descrito en la sección anterior, que debe entenderse el rechazo de las clases populares del Reino Unido, rechazo que ha ido claramente acentuándose en los barrios obreros de aquel país, y muy en especial en Inglaterra y el País de Gales. El voto de rechazo a la permanencia en la UE procede en su mayoría de las clases populares. Y ha sido un voto no solo anti-UE pero también (y sobre todo) un voto anti-establishment británico y, muy en particular, anti-establishment inglés, siendo este último el centro del establishment británico, pues concentra los mayores centros financieros y económicos del país.

El establishment británico y el establishment de la UE habían movilizado todo tipo de presiones (por tierra, mar y aire) a fin de que el referéndum fuera favorable a la pertenencia.

De esta manera, es un claro signo de afirmación y poder que las clases populares se opusieran y ganaran al establishment. Por otra parte, los datos mostraban que lo que ha ocurrido, iba a ocurrir. La popularidad de la UE en el Reino Unido pasó de ser un 54% (ya uno de los más bajos de la UE) en 2004 a un 44% en 2016 (según Pew).

En realidad, el Reino Unido es el país donde el porcentaje de población opuesta a dar mayor poder a la UE es mayor (65%) después de Grecia (68%) Y, según otras encuestas, el sector menos entusiasta con la UE eran las clases populares, que gradualmente han ido transfiriendo su apoyo electoral del Partido Laborista al partido UKIP (el partido anti EU).


La supuesta excepcionalidad de España


Es un dicho común en los mayores medios de comunicación que España es uno de los países más pro-EU, lo cual es cierto, pero solo en parte (lo mismo era cierto con Grecia). Es lógico que Europa, percibida durante muchos años como el continente punto de referencia para las fuerzas democráticas, por su condición democrática y su sensibilidad social, se convirtiera en el “modelo” a seguir por países como España, Portugal y Grecia, que sufrieron durante muchos años dictaduras de la ultraderecha, seriamente represivas y con escasísima conciencia social. Para los que luchamos contra la dictadura, Europa Occidental era un sueño a alcanzar.

 

NAVA 5

 

Pero, debido al control o excesiva influencia del pensamiento neoliberal en el establishment político mediático de la UE (muy próximo al capital financiero y al capital exportador alemán, que ha estado configurando las políticas públicas neoliberales que los establishment político-mediáticos de cada país de la UE han hecho suyas), este sueño se ha convertido en una pesadilla para las clases populares, particularmente dañadas por tales políticas neoliberales.

Las reformas laborales que han dañado el estándar de vida de estas clases y los recortes de gasto público, con el debilitamiento de la protección social y del estado del bienestar, así como la desregulación en la movilidad del capital y del trabajo, han sido un ataque frontal a la democracia y al bienestar de las clases trabajadoras, realidad muy bien documentada (ver mi libro Ataque a la democracia y al bienestar.

Crítica al pensamiento económico dominante, Anagrama, 2015). La pérdida de soberanía nacional que conlleva la UE ha significado la pérdida de soberanía popular, causa del deterioro de su bienestar. La evidencia de que ello es así es contundente, clara y convincente. Es más que obvio que esta Europa no es la Europa de los pueblos, sino la Europa de las empresas financieras y de los grandes conglomerados económicos.

 

¡No es chauvinismo lo que causa el rechazo a la UE!


Ante esta situación, el establishment político-mediático europeo quiere presentar este rechazo como consecuencia de un retraso cultural de las clases populares, todavía estancadas en un nacionalismo retrógrado, que incluye un chauvinismo anti-inmigrante que merece ser denunciado. John Carlin, en el El País, 24.06.16, define este rechazo (Brexit) como resultado “de la mezquindad, ignorancia, carácter retrógrado, xenofobia y tribal” de los que votaron en contra de la permanencia.

Y así se está interpretando, por parte de la mayoría de los medios de comunicación europeos, el voto de rechazo a la UE por parte de las clases populares británicas.

NAVA 4Este mensaje intenta ocultar las causas reales de tal rechazo, causas que he descrito en este artículo. Olvidan que, si bien todos los xenófobos votaron a favor de la salida del Reino Unido de la UE, no todos los que así votaron eran xenófobos.

En esta manipulación están participando poderes de la socialdemocracia europea que no han entendido todavía lo que está ocurriendo entre lo que solían ser sus bases. No quieren entender que el rechazo que está ocurriendo es hacia esta Europa que la socialdemocracia ha contribuido a crear, una Europa que carece de vocación democrática y sensibilidad social.

El maridaje de los aparatos dirigentes de las socialdemocracias con los intereses financieros y económicos dominantes en la UE (y en cada país miembro) ha sido la causa de su gran declive, que todavía no entienden porque no quieren entenderlo.

Lo que pasa en Francia, dónde hay un gobierno socialdemócrata que está intentando destruir a los sindicatos (como la señora Thatcher hizo en el Reino Unido), o en España, dónde el PSOE fue el que inició las políticas de austeridad, son indicadores de esta falta de comprensión de lo que está ocurriendo en la UE, y que es el fracaso de las izquierdas para atender a las necesidades de las clases populares. De ahí la transferencia de lealtades que están ocurriendo, en lo que refiere a los partidos.

Es lógico y predecible que las políticas neoliberales y los partidos que las aplican sean rechazados por las clases populares, pues son éstas las que sufren más cada una de estas políticas, incluyendo la desregulación de la movilidad de capitales y del trabajo. Regiones enteras en el Reino Unido han sido devastadas, siendo sus industrias trasladadas al este de Europa, creando un gran desempleo en las regiones.

Y la desregulación del mundo del trabajo, acompañada de la dilución, cuando no destrucción, de la protección social, ha creado una gran inestabilidad y falta de seguridad laboral. En realidad, fueron las políticas del gobierno Blair y del gobierno Brown (1997-2010) las que sentaron las bases para este rechazo generalizado hacia la UE.

Tales gobiernos de la Tercera Vía facilitaron la llegada de inmigrantes a los que los empresarios contrataron con salarios más bajos. Y así se inició el desapego con la Unión Europea (ver “Don’t blame Corbyn if Brexit wins”, Denis McShane).

En España, frente al descrédito del partido socialdemócrata (PSOE) debido, entre otras razones a su participación en la construcción de esta Europa, han aparecido una serie de fuerzas políticas, tanto en la periferia como en el centro (Unidos Podemos y confluencias), que están canalizando este desencanto popular acentuando, con razón, que esta no es tampoco nuestra Europa, y que se requieren cambios profundos para recuperar la Europa democrática y social a la que aspiramos y que debe construirse. Así de claro.


Vicenç Navarro ha sido Catedrático de Economía Aplicada en la Universidad de Barcelona.Actualmente es Catedrático de Ciencias Políticas y Sociales, Universidad Pompeu Fabra (Barcelona, España).

 

 



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